Myxopapillary ependymoma with anaplastic features: A rare case report

• Author Details:   
• Rajavigneshwari Nagarajan ^*
• Salapathi Shanmugam
• Rajeshwari Buttannavar
• Siddhartha Ghosh

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Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a typically encountered neoplasm in the filum terminale/lumbosacral region of the spinal cord, categorised as a grade 2 tumour in the latest 2021 WHO classification of tumours of the CNS. Despite its usual indolent behaviour, cases in extradural locations may exhibit aggressive clinical tendencies. Anaplastic transformation in MPE is exceptionally uncommon, with fewer cases documented in literature. Diagnostic criteria and definitive grading for such cases remain uncertain. This report presents a unique case of MPE demonstrating anaplastic features, characterized by histology consistent with conventional MPE alongside areas displaying significant atypia, frequent mitotic figures, and elevated Ki-67 proliferation indices (10–12%). The review of literature included discusses common histologic and molecular findings associated with anaplastic features in MPE.

Keywords: Anaplastic, Myxopapillary, Ependymoma.