Clinico pathological spectrum of bone lesions in a five year study in a tertiary care centre

• Author Details:   
• Meera Bhanu ^*
• Sateesh S Chavan
• Kanchana Jayaram
• Amaya Bhaskaran
• Sunita Vernekar

---

Background: Bone lesions exhibit a wide range of characteristics and their trends vary according to age, clinical features, and the frequency of the different histological types. The objective of our study is to investigate the clinical and pathological spectrum of bone lesions, focusing on their incidence, age, sex, anatomical distribution, and histomorphological features. This study provides an opportunity to uncover new insights regarding the incidence and distribution of bone lesions.

Objectives: To study the clinical and pathological spectrum of bone lesions over a period of five years in a tertiary care centre in North Karnataka.

Materials and Methods: Bone biopsies and resection specimens received from January 2019 to December 2023 at the department of Pathology, Karnataka Medical College and research institute, Hubli were included in the study.

Results: During a period of five years, a total of 185 cases of bone specimen were received, of which neoplastic lesions (n = 115, 62.2%) were more common than non-neoplastic lesions (n = 70, 37.8%). In the neoplastic lesions, majority of the tumours were benign, (69 cases, 60.0%), followed by malignant tumours (24 cases, 20.9%) and least common were intermediate grade tumours (22 cases, 19.1%). Chronic osteomyelitis was the most common histological diagnosis (23.2%) followed by Osteochondroma (18.9%). Osteosarcoma was the most common malignant bone tumour (7.0%).

Conclusion: The present study shows the clinicopathological spectrum of bone lesions. 23 different entities of bone lesions were reported in the pathology section of our college during a period of five years. Neoplastic lesions were more common. But chronic osteomyelitis was the single most common bone lesion followed by osteochondroma. Osteosarcoma was the most common malignant neoplastic lesion.

Keywords: Bone lesions, Histopathology, Osteochondroma, Giant cell tumour, Osteosarcoma.