Clinico-hematological profile and etiological spectrum of pancytopenia: An institutional study

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Original Article

Author Details : Geetanjali N,, Subhashish Das*

Volume : 6, Issue : 2, Year : 2019

Article Page : 302-308

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2019.056

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Abstract

Introduction: Pancytopenia is a common hematological problem characterized by anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. It is a striking feature of many serious and life threatening illnesses. The disease pattern varies in different population groups, in age pattern, nutritional status and prevalence of infective disorder. Present study was conducted to assess the etiology, clinical profile and bone marrow morphology of pancytopenia.
Objectives: 1. To study the clinical presentations and hematological parameters in patients with pancytopenia. 2. To study the morphological pattern in bone marrow in patients with pancytopenia.
Materials and Methods: A two year study was conducted in department of Pathology, Sri Devaraj Urs medical college, Kolar, Karnataka. Total 70 pancytopenia patients were studied to determine their presenting symptoms and signs, peripheral blood smear study and bone marrow morphology.
Results: Bone marrow study showed 48.5% hypercellular marrow, 32.8% normocellular and 18.7% hypocellular marrow. Females (55.7%) were affected more than males (44.2%) and the commonest cause for pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia (51.4%), followed by iron deficiency anemia (37.1%), viral infections (4.2%), leukemia (1.4%), MDS (2.8%), pure red cell aplasia (1.4%), hereditary elliptocytosis (1.4%).
Conclusion: Large number of patients with pancytopenia had reversible etiology. Hence complete work up including clinical details with hematological examination along with bone marrow study will lead to early and proper diagnosis of case followed by proper treatment.

Keywords: Pancytopenia, Megaloblastic anemia.

How to cite : Geetanjali N, , Das S, Clinico-hematological profile and etiological spectrum of pancytopenia: An institutional study. Indian J Pathol Oncol 2019;6(2):302-308

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