Histopathological spectrum of upper gastro intestinal lesions in endoscopic biopsies at a tertiary care centre

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Original Article

Author Details : Sadia Begum*, Mohammed Shazeb Hussain, Padmaja K , Anusha P

Volume : 11, Issue : 1, Year : 2024

Article Page : 33-37

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2024.007

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Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) endoscopy along with biopsy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions, especially malignant and inflammatory lesions. Most common conditions requiring endoscopic biopsy of Upper GIT include dyspepsia, gastro-oesophageal reflex disorder, Barrett’s esophagus, oesophageal and gastric carcinomas.
Objectives: To determine the spectrum of histopathological lesions of GIT and to compare it with endoscopic findings.
Materials and Methods: The present study is an observational study done at the department of pathology of a tertiary care centre which included endoscopic biopsies of upper GIT. Biopsy specimens received were fixed in 10% formalin and processed routinely and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Special stains were done as and when required. Endoscopic biopsies were analysed and assessed.
Inclusion Criteria: 1 It included endoscopic biopsies of esophagus, stomach, and duodenal lesions. 2. Age more than 20 years.
Exclusion Criteria: Inadequate and poorly fixed biopsies.
A total of 177 endoscopic biopsies were studied, majority of lesions occurred in 61-70 years of age group and predominantly in males with M:F ratio 1.3:1. Out of total 177 biopsies, 21 (12%) were from esophagus, 90(51%) from stomach and 66(37%) from duodenum. The most common histopathological diagnosis in esophagus was esophagitis (47%) followed by barrettes esophagus (28%). In stomach, the most common diagnosis was gastritis (45%) followed by gastric polyps (34%) and in duodenum, it was duodenitis (66%) followed by celiac disease (18%). In comparison with endoscopic findings,100% concordance was seen with esophagitis, gastritis, duodenitis and 60% with squamous cell carcinoma in esophagus, 91% concordance with adenocarcinoma in stomach.
 

Keywords: Upper gastro- intestinal tract, Endoscopy, Histopathology, Non- neoplastic, Neoplastic lesions.

How to cite : Begum S, Hussain M S, Padmaja K, Anusha P, Histopathological spectrum of upper gastro intestinal lesions in endoscopic biopsies at a tertiary care centre. Indian J Pathol Oncol 2024;11(1):33-37

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