Hematological outline in HIV infection in relation to CD4 cell count, a hospital based study

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Original Article

Author Details : Vanisri HR, Vadiraja N

Volume : 3, Issue : 2, Year : 2016

Article Page : 260-263

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Abstract

Background and objectives: HIV infection is accompanied by distinct haematological changes that impair the health and treatment of patients. Varieties of hematological manifestations are seen at every stage of HIV/AIDS and often pose a great challenge in the comprehensive management. These hematological changes can be a sign of the underlying immune status of the individual and can cause symptoms that are severe and complicate the quality of life of these patients. The purpose of this study was to understand the hematological parameters along with the CD4 cell count of HIV infected patients. In view of this, the objectives of the study were to estimate CD4 counts and hematological parameters of HIV patients and to compare them. 
Methods: The purpose of this study was to understand the hematological parameters along with the CD4 cell count of HIV infected patients. In view of this, the objectives of the study were to estimate CD4 counts and hematological parameters of HIV patients and to compare them.  Subjects for the study were the reports of hundred HIV patients who are not on anti retroviral therapy, registered in the ART centre. Hematological parameters and CD4 cell counts were studied.
Results:  Among the 100 HIV infected patients, 65% of them showed anemia. The most common type of anemia was normocytic normochromic. 38% had leucopenia, 22% had Neutropenia and 23% had lymphopenia. Thrombocytopenia was reported in 15% of the cases. 25% of patients had CD4 cell count below 200 cells /cmm.
Conclusion: Haematological abnormalities are regularly seen in HIV infected individuals. Normocytic normochromic anemia is frequented encountered in HIV infection. In the present study, hemoglobin, total leukocyte count, platelet count, absolute neutrophil count and absolute lymphocyte count were dependent on the CD4 cell counts. Therefore the Hematological parameters can be used to analyze the immune status of such individuals. As a result these values can be used to evaluate the disease progression. Patients with HIV infection should be investigated and treated for the hematological abnormalities to decrease the morbidity.

Key words: HIV, CD4 cells, Total leukocyte count, Neutropenia, Lymphopenia, Thrombocytopenia

How to cite : Vanisri Hr, Vadiraja N, Hematological outline in HIV infection in relation to CD4 cell count, a hospital based study. Indian J Pathol Oncol 2016;3(2):260-263

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